example of uneven development ap human geography example of uneven development ap human geography

AP Human Geography Unit 7: Industrial and Economic Development Patterns and Processes March 15, 2023 With so much information to learn and retain as you study for the AP Human Geography Exam, it's important to review effectively. However, people can be pushed out of their home country because of war or natural disasters. (NICs). Its 100% free. Answer: Language can be used to promote cultural identity and unity by serving as a means of communication and connection among members of a particular culture or community. The principle of common but differentiated responsibilities: This principle acknowledges that countries have different levels of development and capacity and therefore have different responsibilities in addressing global environmental problems. In 2017, the United States had a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of over $19 trillion, compared to the Central African Republic, with a GDP of $1.95 billion. Identify your study strength and weaknesses. AP Human Geography 320 resources . Answer: Globalization can impact resource distribution by creating an increased demand for certain resources, leading to increased extraction and export of those resources from certain regions. Cities have wealthier people and a larger middle class in China and Japan, for example. (B) Explain how ethnicity can be a factor that leads to the devolution of a state. (C) Explain how communication technology plays an important role in the goals of devolutionary groups and democracy movements. Going down to even smaller scales, within a city core and peripheral areas can be spatially designated. the levels of wealth, goods, safety and leisure that people may have. Which of the following statements is best supported by the images? Warmer climates can increase disease prevalence, which can affect the workforce and therefore slow economic development. Different countries around the world have different levels of development, which can directly affect the populations living in those countries. (Round per unit costs to three decimals, but inventory balances to the dollar.). AP Human Geography: Practice Tests and Flashcards, The Core-Periphery Model is used by geographers to describe, People in the poorest parts of the world are primarily engaged in, Most of the people in wealthy countries are employed in, In the Core-Periphery Model the semi-periphery includes all of the following except, The back-wash effect can be best described as. It has been criticized for its impact on local cultures and economies, as well as for its environmental and labor practices. Ecotourism can take place in a variety of natural and cultural settings around the world. Let's look further into these consequences of uneven development, with some examples, too. Example: This could happen in Nepal. *Projects are often labour intensive and for the benefit of the local community e.g building a well or repairing irrigation ditches. Economic growth is vital for understanding development as a whole. For example, multinational corporations may invest in urban areas to take advantage of cheaper labor, leading to increased urbanization in those areas. It can show countries that may have rising economies or those which are becoming more industrialised. Answer: Two environmental consequences of population growth include increased pollution and deforestation. A) Define the concept of population growth and provide one historical or contemporary example of a factor that has contributed to population growth. Answer: Resource distribution refers to the way in which resources are allocated and accessed in a society. (B) Explain the difference between a nation and a state. Due to the nature of the global economy the wealthiest countries can rely on the poorest countries to provide the bulk of their primary economic activities and the semi-developed countries to provide the bulk of their secondary economic activities. Disease causes sickness (and death), meaning people cannot go to work. A development indicator is just data that helps show how developed a country is. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. The consequences of uneven development are wealth disparities, health disparities and international migration. - More developed countries, use the resources of the periphery to continue their success. In the 1950s, many countries became independent and removed their colonial ties. (G) For a multinational state facing the realities of devolution, explain why a government would choose to create an autonomous region or choose to maintain a unitary state. An example of a maquiladora is a factory in Mexico that imports raw materials from the United States, assembles the materials into finished products, and then exports the products back to the United States. Have all your study materials in one place. The effectiveness of such programs may depend on factors such as local context, support from government and civil society, and the involvement of the international community. They can also be found if you zoom into a country at a regional, local and even city scale. Sustainable development is a concept that refers to the use of natural resources in a way that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It forms its own sovereign nation-state predominately made up of the Irish ethnic group. There are many factors which lead to, and have led to, the world being unevenly developed. Answer: One example of a policy designed to address the challenges of population growth is family planning programs, which aim to improve access to contraception and reproductive healthcare. endstream endobj 439 0 obj <>>>/EncryptMetadata false/Filter/Standard/Length 128/O(Q.`;RvqL)/P -1324/R 4/StmF/StdCF/StrF/StdCF/U(VpKS% )/V 4>> endobj 440 0 obj <>>>/Lang(|VZT;p&p I]$y|k)/MarkInfo 463 0 R/Metadata 41 0 R/OpenAction 441 0 R/Outlines 60 0 R/Pages 436 0 R/StructTreeRoot 61 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 441 0 obj <> endobj 442 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Thumb 34 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 443 0 obj <>stream Environmental determinism is the belief that the environment, most notably its physical factors such as landforms and climate, determines the patterns of human culture and societal development. Trade happens all over the world. The portion of the economy concerned with the direct extraction of materials from Earth's surface, generally through agriculture, although sometimes by mining, fishing, and forestry. This can result in higher disease rates, causing sickness and death. Some of the physical factors that can cause uneven development are based on climate, the production of raw materials, and country placement. The Demilitarized Zone between North and South Korea. Answer: Globalization has had a significant impact on state sovereignty by promoting greater economic and political interdependence among states. A subdiscipline of geography that seeks to describe and explain the absolute and relative location of economic activities, and the flows of information, raw materials, goods, and people that connect otherwise separate local, regional, and national economies. *Schemes are not always appropriate and not always sustainable long term because of lack of local knowledge. Answer: Migration is often tied to political issues such as nationalism, citizenship, and border control, as governments may seek to regulate or limit migration flows. This allows for the production of customized products with short lead times, and reduces the need for large-scale production runs and mass storage of finished goods. Coffee beans (the raw material) turn into coffee (the tradable product). Post-Fordist production is a term used to describe the shift away from mass production and towards more flexible, customized, and knowledge-intensive forms of production. The Development Gap shows the difference between richer and poorer countries. The second most expensive house in the world (after Buckingham Palace) is placed directly next to one of Mumbai's slums. I just directed ChatGPT to do the following: Create six free-response questions no stimulus modeled after the free-response question no stimulus found in the AP Human Geography Sample Exam located on page 167 of the AP Human Geography Course and Exam Description. Wildlife watching: This type of ecotourism involves observing and photographing wildlife in their natural habitat. In addition, the costs of some renewable energy technologies have decreased significantly in recent years, making them more competitive with non-renewable energy sources. It is where natural resources are located. Uneven distribution of a natural resource, such as oil, can impact economic development as countries with access to the resource may become wealthier while countries without access may struggle to compete economically. Economic benefits: Ecotourism can provide economic opportunities for local communities, such as employment and income generation. From historical human factors such as conflict (war) and political instability, to physical factors such. 3). Example: the literacy rate of the US is high, The value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it. Two characteristics of a state are sovereignty, which refers to its ability to govern itself without external interference, and legitimacy, which refers to the recognition of the states authority by its citizens and other states. An example of neocolonialism is the influence of the United States on the economies and governments of Latin American countries. Sign up to highlight and take notes. F) Explain the concept of environmental justice and describe one example of an environmental justice issue related to resource distribution. B) Describe two social or cultural consequences of population growth, providing an example of each. A) Define the concept of resource distribution and provide one example of how the uneven distribution of a natural resource can impact economic development. How do we know if a country is developed? However, most of the trade systems are controlled by HICs or Transnational Corporations (TNCs). One of the stages of growth model, helping in the understanding of the role of information systems, in an organization's strategy and its maturity. {|gbG]:$rQ*;589DU@)~?TyLo b\.z (Xzb;;c8{/@d!Z"t?SSnw*L.?Spm8SpO0R;/_v$dKllt34`4;ov+m} Coffee beans are a raw material. A Packet made by Mr. Sinn to help you succeed not only on the AP Te. (D) Explain the concept of gerrymandering and describe one example of how it can be used to manipulate political outcomes. The free-response question no stimulus found there reads as follows: In most countries, the concept of the state as a political unit is subject to the tensions between centrifugal and centripetal forces. 1) Traditional society - Based on subsistence farming, fishing, forestry, and some mining ( The last section of the core-periphery model). Governments are often challenged by the devolutionary factors that challenge state sovereignty. Push factors are reasons why people want to move away from a country. C) Explain two environmental consequences of population growth, providing an example of each. B) Describe two social consequences of urbanization, providing an example of each. Answer: Population growth can impact resource consumption by increasing demand for resources such as food, water, and energy. Examples include the Maasai Mara in Kenya, the Amazon rainforest in South America, and the Borneo rainforest in Malaysia. Standard of living is the amount of wealth or goods that people have. Example: cutting down trees for houses, The portion of the economy concerned with manufacturing useful products through processing, transforming, and assembling raw materials. Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. Rural and indigenous communities: These are small communities in remote areas that are often dependent on natural resources for their livelihoods. Transnational Corporations (TNCs) are large and powerful companies that are spread all around the world. =40,95=40,95=40,95 percent confidence, b. d.f.=80,95d . Uneven development can result in large health disparities. This is vastly uneven globally; let's take a look at some of the reasons why. It is based on the principles of conservation, education, and sustainability, and aims to provide a positive economic and cultural exchange between visitors and local communities. An example of agglomeration is the concentration of industries in a specific area or region. Birdwatching: This type of ecotourism involves observing and identifying birds in their natural habitat. In wealthy countries as much as three-quarters (in a few cases close to a hundred percent) of the population is engaged in tertiary and quaternary economic activities. This allows the car manufacturer to reduce the amount of storage space and capital that it needs to hold inventory, and also reduces the risk of parts becoming obsolete or damaged while in storage. The precautionary principle: This principle states that when there is a risk of serious or irreversible harm to the environment or human health, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason to postpone measures to prevent that harm. roads, power supply, sewerage etc. Integration stage The use of the new technology increase rapidly providing new benefits and supporting the overall business strategy. Answer: Urbanization and globalization are interrelated as global economic forces often influence the growth of urban areas. It is physically separate from the rest of the United Kingdom, a multinational state. 2: Antilia Tower (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mumbai_03-2016_19_Antilia_Tower.jpg) by A. Savin (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:A.Savin) Liense type: Free Art License (http://artlibre.org/licence/lal/en/). It ultimately undermined local economies and political stability as villages' vital labour was shipped overseas preventing an agricultural revolution. This can involve measures such as limiting the number of visitors, using low-impact transportation, and supporting local conservation and development projects. AP Human Geography Help Industrialization & Economic Development Contemporary Patterns of Industrialization & Development Uneven Levels of Development Example Question #1 : Uneven Levels Of Development The Core-Periphery Model is used by geographers to describe ___________. Ecotourism can provide economic opportunities for these communities and help to preserve their cultural traditions. We can reduce uneven development by closing the development gap. A) Define the concept of migration and provide one historical or contemporary example of a push factor and a pull factor that can lead to migration. (A) Explain the difference between a dialect and a language. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. This reduces the number of educated people in the home country. To be truly sustainable, ecotourism must be carefully planned and managed to ensure that the negative impacts on the environment and local communities are minimized. This can be visible in Mumbai, where the super-rich and those who reside in slums live nearby each other. Determine the costs assigned to the ending inventory when costs are assigned based on FIFO. Uneven development describes the way development differs across the world, and takes place at different speeds. Life expectancy is generally much higher in HICs. 3) Takeoff stage - Introduction and rapid growth (industrial revolution) of manufacturing industries, better infrastructure, financial investment, and cultural change Sell the product from secondary, also - the provision of goods and services to people in exchange for payment, such as lawyer, doctor. Each goal is accompanied by a set of specific targets and indicators to help measure progress. It is also a domestic source of energy that can reduce a country's dependence on foreign sources of fossil fuels. - Added later to the model. A way to measure the extent of sex inequality set up by the UN Gini coefficient is a measure of inequality developed by an Italian statistician. Historical causes can be exampled by colonialism. The U.S. is the main market for maquiladora exports, although they also export to other countries. Answer: Two economic consequences of urbanization include increased job opportunities and increased income inequality. (A) Define the concept of the multinational state. It can provide opportunities to support local farmers and to learn about the production of food and drink. Coffee is the product. Newly Emerging Economies (NEEs) are countries that are seeing a rise in economic development or industrialisation. In this unit, you will examine how supply and demand affect how a country can improve standards of living and how different economic systems can help citizens of a country gain more or less equality. the average period that a person may expect to live. Uneven development can result in large health disparities. Example: Nike, The gross value of the product minus the costs of raw materials and energy. It analyzes spatial interdependencies between social interactions and the environment through qualitative and . Create and find flashcards in record time. Pretax accounting income for 2016 was$45 million. Term. An example of an environmental justice issue related to resource distribution is the disproportionate exposure of low-income and minority communities to pollution and environmental hazards, such as in areas with high concentrations of polluting industries. In Bangladesh, ___ were used to filter out cholera from water. Cultural benefits: Ecotourism can facilitate cultural exchange and understanding between visitors and local communities, and can help to preserve and promote local cultures and traditions. Possible Answers: Nie wieder prokastinieren mit unseren Lernerinnerungen. The total value of goods and services produced within the borders of a country during a specific time period, usually one year. example, "Population") was also useful for answering the question, especially in parts B and C. Sample: 3A Score: 6 Provides loans to countries experiencing balance-of-payments problems that threaten expansion of international trade. You could find that on Google or in your textbook, but what does that really mean? For example, as more people consume goods and services, the production and disposal of waste can lead to increased pollution. In this model, a customer can design a product using computer-aided design software and then send the design to a 3D printer, which will produce the product on demand. 1. The United States has uneven development and our ranking on the HDI drops when you account for wealth inequality. For instance, walkable cities make it easier for residents to get around without relying on cars, while green infrastructure such as parks and green roofs can help reduce the urban heat island effect and improve air quality. Og70dAl}gx)&~:TvZ?4HC\5bOfh~~`a!/6-~ PK;~Q=. The effects of suburbanization are declining central city use, uneven development, declining park space, and pollution as suburban and urban sprawl both continue. Sustainable agriculture and food tourism: This type of ecotourism involves visiting farms, wineries, and other food and drink producers to learn about sustainable agriculture practices and to taste local produce. Fig. Cultural and heritage tourism: This type of ecotourism involves visiting cultural and historical sites and participating in local cultural activities. Example: use this on car production, The idea that there's a core and periphery for the countries of the world. F) Explain the concept of sustainable development and describe one example of a policy or program designed to promote sustainable development in the face of population growth. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of 17 goals adopted by the United Nations in 2015 to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure peace and prosperity for all. Uneven development can cause a larger gap between the rich and poor within countries, too. Develop a global partnership for development, the unequal distribution of people, resources and wealth that is a fundamental characteristic of human geography; the increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy, Economic Sector (Agriculture). LICs typically only export one type of product, such as coffee, which can mean they become reliant on this. A country that isn't very powerful, nor weak. Answer: Two environmental consequences of urbanization are increased air pollution and loss of biodiversity. Therefore, if you see any glaring errors or omissions, and wish to give me a heads-up, I can be reached via email at ppaccone@smusd.us. A language, on the other hand, is a standardized system of communication that is used by a community of speakers who share a common linguistic history. The development level of a country can be shown using development indicators, income labels or the development continuum. The control of countries by other countries. Development classifications are set forever. fd.f. Reduce child mortality. The monetary worth of what is produced within a country plus income received from investments outside the country. (G) Analyze the effectiveness of one policy or program designed to address the challenges of political geography. Let's take a look! Answer: One example of a policy designed to address the challenges of migration is refugee resettlement programs, which provide support and resources to refugees who have been forced to flee their homes. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. 2. The AP Human Geography test is two hours and 15 minutes long. There are many causes of uneven development; physical (climate, the natural resource curse, and landlocked countries), economic (the cycle of poverty, global trading systems), and historical (colonialism). *Involves more local communities and local workers. an index for measurement of gender disparity. Uneven development can be a direct cause of more people moving away from their home country. Economic Sector (Consumer Services) usually thought of as a subset of quaternary. They use concepts of location and distribution to do so.Especially important in the study of human geography is the tension between . Protecting and conserving natural resources: This can involve conserving biodiversity, protecting natural habitats, and managing natural resources in a sustainable way. At December 31, 2016, the book value of the building was$28 million and its tax basis was $13 million. For instance, migrants may send money back to their home countries, providing an important source of income, but they may also compete with local workers for jobs. L/$;cqHi}1Kl@g;)k{Qf7og\E[ah]iahz +qp)4 Traditional economy: A traditional economy is one that is based on customs, traditions, and the way of life that has been followed for generations. the Endangered Languages Program (ELP)), promote bilingual education, or support the development of language revitalization programs in indigenous communities. 1) Initiation stage - The technology is introduced in the organization. The Development Continuum can show a scale of development, showing the least and most developed countries, and those in between. Economic gains can then vary, and economic growth is therefore relatively unreliable. What are some strategies that can help to close the development gap? Colonialism refers to the control of countries by another country. b. demand What are some of the economic causes of uneven development? F) Describe two ways in which urban planning can mitigate the negative effects of urbanization on communities. Having a coastline can mean that countries have good access to sea trade routes, as well as direct industries, such as fishing, which can improve economic growth. activities that directly extract materials from the Earth. Assume an income tax rate of 40%. Manufacturing employment in the U.S. has declined from around 25% of the total workforce in the 1950s to around 10% in recent years. If these countries are also in debt, the situation will only worsen, as they will be in a constant cycle of owing money. These factories are often located in border regions, such as the maquiladoras located in Tijuana and Ciudad Jurez, which are near the border with the United States. Answer: Urban planning can mitigate the negative effects of urbanization by promoting sustainable development and creating green spaces. No points are deducted for wrong or blank answers on the exam. Ecotourism is a type of tourism that focuses on experiencing natural areas while minimizing the negative impact on the environment. Two features of a sustainable city include walkability and green infrastructure. Examples include the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, the Galapagos Islands in Ecuador, and the Maldives. Does that sound easy enough to understand? Ameen uses straight-line depreciation for financial statement reporting and MACRS for income tax reporting. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is how much money a country makes in a year from its products or services. Enter the data here into the, Italy suffers from a regional divide - check out this article from, Purchasing Power Parity made easy with Burgernomics. The map above shows development aid flows around the world. An example of a historical push factor is the Irish potato famine, which led many Irish people to emigrate to other countries. It is usually used to measure income inequality, but can be used to measure any form of uneven distribution. Warm climates make diseases like malaria or dengue fever more common, causing sickness, and reducing the workforce, limiting economic growth.